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Human skin. Layered epidermis with hair follicle, sweat and sebaceous glands. Healthy skin anatomy medical vector illustration

The hair and skin glossary will help you understand many commonly used words and phrases. Used to discuss hair loss and restoration.

5-Alpha-reductase

5-alpha-reductase is the enzyme which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The hormone that triggers Androgenic Alopecia. Or male and female pattern hair loss.

Acne

Acne is an inflammatory disease which affects the sebaceous glands of the skin.

Alopecia

Complete or partial lack of hair resulting from various conditions

Alopecia Areata

Alopecia Areata is a well-used hair and skin glossary term. The medical term for hair loss which occurs in patches on the scalp.

Senilis Alopecia

Alopecia Senilis is baldness due to old age.

Totalis Alopecia

The complete loss of scalp hair often combined with the loss of eyebrows and eyelashes

Universalis Alopecia

Alopecia Universalis is the term for hair loss which occurs over the entire body.

Anagen

This is the term for the growing phase of the hair cycle which lasts five-seven years in a healthy person.

Androgenic Alopecia

This is one of the most common hair and skin glossary terms. The common name for male or female pattern baldness. Which depends on the genetic predisposition of the hair follicles. As well as the levels of androgens in the body.

Androgens

Androgens are male sex hormones.

Antiandrogen

An antiandrogen blocks the effects of androgens. Normally by blocking the receptor sites.

Azelaic Acid

Commonly used to treat acne. As well as other skin complaints.

Catagen

The end of the hair growth cycle.

Cicatricial Alopecia

This is baldness due to scarring. The follicles are absent in scar tissue.

Clone

A group of genetically identical cells or organisms. Derived from a single common cell.

Coronal angled grafting (a.k.a. lateral grafts)

Using a rectangular blade that pierces the skin at right angles to the hair direction.

Cortex

The cortex is the principal structural component of the hair shaft.

Crown

The area at the top of the head

Cyproterone Acetate

Cyproterone Acetate is an anti-androgen.

Dermal papilla

The dermal papilla contains nerves and blood vessels. Which supply glucose for energy and amino acids to make keratin.

Dihydrotestosterone DHT (5-alpha dihydrotestosterone)

Dihydrotestosterone is a combination of testosterone and 5-alpha-reductase.

Donor Site

This hair and skin glossary term will be well-known. Especially by hair transplant candidates. As it´s where hair follicles are harvested from.

Dutasteride

Medication for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is an inhibitor of type 1 and types 2 5-alpha- reductase. Enzymes were responsible for converting testosterone to DHT.

Finasteride

Commonly called “FIN”. Finasteride is the generic drug name. That binds with type 2 5-alpha-reductase enzyme. To reduce the amount of DHT in the prostate. Finasteride is approved by the FDA. As a treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Called Proscar®. A 5mg daily dose. Jair loss as Propecia®. A 1mg daily dose.

Follicle

The follicle is a tube-like structure in the skin in which develops a hair shaft.

Follicular Unit

Groupings of 1-4 hairs that grow together

Follicular Unit Transplantation

A hair transplant technique. Where the naturally occurring follicular units are removed via a strip. Then implanted.

Generic

Pertaining to a substance, product or drug that is non- proprietary

Hair Cloning

A technique under development. Which could make an unlimited crop of donor hair available.

Hair Integration

A modern term used to describe hair weaving.

Hair weaving

A process by which a hairpiece is attached to existing hair. Through braiding or a weaving process.

Hirsutism

Excessive body or facial hair

Keratin

Keratin is a collective name for a group of proteins. Present in the hair and nails.

Ludwig Scale

Classification of female pattern hair loss.

Medulla

The medulla is a central zone of cells. Usually only present in large, thick hairs.

Micro Graft

A very small hair graft usually consisting of one or two follicles

Mini Graft

A small hair graft usually consisting of between three to ten hair follicles

Minoxidil

The generic name of the brand name drug Rogaine®. Commonly called “Minox”. Minoxidil is a topical lotion. Available over-the-counter in 2% and 5% strength. The first drug to be approved by the FDA. For the treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Norwood/Hamilton Scale

The most commonly used hair loss scale. For the classification of male pattern hair loss.

Oestrogen

One of a group of hormonal steroid compounds. That promotes the development of female secondary sex characteristics.

Papilla

Bulb-like indentation. Found at the bottom of the follicle. They contain a vascular loop for nourishment.

Propecia®

A brand name for the drug finasteride. In a 1mg tablet. FDA approved. For the treatment of male pattern hair loss.

Proprietary

Pertaining to a drug that is produced and still under patent.

Proscar®

The brand name for finasteride 5mg. Approved for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Punch Graft

The old-fashioned method. Of removing grafts. Typically for hair transplants. Usually carried out using an instrument called a trephine.

Recipient Site

The area of hair loss. where grafts are placed.

Retin-A or Tretinoin

Retin-A is a brand name. For a topical gel or cream. Normally used in the treatment of acne.

Rogaine®

The brand name for minoxidil. A topical lotion or foam. For the treatment of hair loss.

Sagittal Angled Grafting

How grafts are placed into recipient sites. Made with a small rectangular blade. That pierced the skin parallel to the hair direction.

Saw Palmetto

Saw Palmetto is a plant native to North America. An unproven therapeutic treatment. Potential benefits for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It does not lower testosterone levels. Used by many. As a hair loss treatment.

Scleroderma

A disease of the skin and connective tissue. That can cause hair loss over the affected areas.

Sebaceous glands

These are sebum (oil) producing glands. Found in the skin throughout the body. Except in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

Seborrhoeic dermatitis is an extensive and severe form of dandruff.

Sebum

The oily secretion from the sebaceous glands.

Spironolactone

This drug acts as an antiandrogen. Is used in the treatment of androgen-related disorders. Such as female pattern baldness and hirsutism.

Telogen

The resting phase of the hair cycle

Testosterone

A male hormone. Which promotes the development of male characteristics.

Topically

Means to apply directly onto the skin

Traction Alopecia

This refers to hair loss due to traction on the hair. Traction alopecia is commonly seen with braids and ponytails.

Transection

Describes damage to hair follicles. During a hair transplant.

Trichotillomania

A compulsion to pull out one‟s own hair

Vellus

The soft downy hair found covering the body.

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